大豆生育阶段动态模型的研究

研究了不同大豆类型品种的发育与温，光等主要环境因子的数量关系。在借鉴吸收析因指数形式的小麦发育期动态模拟模型（WDSM），“水稻钟”模型和DSSAT3等模型思想方法基础上，构建了大豆生育动态模拟模型（SDSM），经验证不同类型品种平均误差在1-3天之内，与传统的积温法相比，其模拟精度有了较大提高。     

Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics throughout spring triticale development stages as affected by fertilization

Abstract

Little is known about the response of spring triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.) chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fo – initial fluorescence intensity, Fm – maximal fluorescence, Fv/Fm – maximum quantum yield of photosystem II) to nitrogen fertilization. We investigated after-effects of basic (N₆₀P₆₀K₆₀ and N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₁₂₀) and additional (N₃₀ and N₆₀) fertilization on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at four main phonological development stages of spring triticale under field conditions. Both additional nitrogen (N) rates soon after application induced short-acting stress on both basic fertilization backgrounds only in dry weather conditions. Initial fluorescence intensity exhibited direct relationship (R²=0.52) with an additional nitrogen rate only at the beginning of booting (BBCH 31) in dry 2008. The correlation of maximal fluorescence with additional nitrogen rate was significant during the whole experimental period. Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II directly correlated with both basic and additional nitrogen fertilization from flag leaf stage (BBCH 37) to completion of flowering (BBCH 69) in 2008. Initial fluorescence intensity decreased after spring triticale heading stage.     

Host preference and influence of the sweetpotato whitefly,Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Abstract

Three eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) varieties – ‘Dafeng’, ‘Beisite’, and ‘Baiyu’ – were used in this experiment to discover the least susceptible variety among them to sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) infestation. The investigations were carried out after completing one generation of whitefly based on two points of view. Initially, host preference and suitability of whitefly was investigated based on adult feeding, oviposition, and developmental time. Therefore, it was investigated based on growth responses of eggplant. The average developmental time was shortest for the cohort reared in ‘Dafeng’ (21.3 days), while the longest period (23.2 days) was recorded in ‘Baiyu’. In comparison with the control, less significant changes in the six growth parameters, viz. plant height (12.6%), leaf area (12.7%), dry matter (8.2%), absolute growth rate (26.0%), relative growth rate (25.0%), and net assimilation rate (22.2%) were found in ‘Baiyu’ infested by B. tabaci. Adult attraction and oviposition were reduced while developmental time was increased in ‘Baiyu’ compared with the other two varieties. In addition, the reduction percentages of all the six plant-growth parameters of ‘Baiyu’ were comparatively less than other two varieties to whitefly stress. Our research is focused on a shorter development time; higher feeding, oviposition, and the reduction percentage of plant growth indicate that a plant is a suitable host. In view of this, the present findings indicate that ‘Baiyu’ is less susceptible than the other two varieties, ‘Dafeng’ and ‘Beisite’, for whitefly infestation.     

长期定位试验尿素和堆肥处理下冬小麦自然同位素15N研究

We investigated 15N abundance （δ15N） of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum cv. Jinmai 1） plants and soil at different growth stages in a field with a 13-year fertilization history of urea and compost, to determine whether or not the δ15N of plant parts can be used as an indicator of organic amendment with compost. Plant parts （roots, leaves, stems and grains） and soil were sampled at re-greening, jointing, grain filling and mature growth stages of winter wheat. There were significant differences between the urea and compost treatments in 815N of whole plants, plant parts and soil over the whole growing season. Determination of the δ15N of plant parts was more convenient than that of whole plant to distinguish between the application of organic amendment and synthetic N fertilizer.     

云南草业科技的研究方向和发展趋势

从云南的自然条件和社会发展需要出发，分析总结了云南草业科技今后的研究方向和发展趋势，主要是牧草种质资源的研究，牧草育种，牧草在种植业结构中的研究及应用，草地畜牧业可持续发展的研究和应用，生态环境治理，草坪业发展中的新品种、新技术的研究和应用等。     

山羊卵母细胞冷冻保存及其对发育效果的影响

在程序冷冻条件下,冷冻保护剂种类对山羊卵母细胞发育效果有显著影响。对于山羊GV期卵母细胞,解冻后的形态正常率,PROH(83 1%)和DMSO(81 7%)均高于甘油(70 7%)(P<0 05);而体外成熟率则是PROH(20 3%)高于DMSO(14 2%)和甘油(9 8%),DMSO又高于甘油(P<0 05)。对于山羊IVM卵母细胞,解冻后的形态正常率,PROH(84 5%)和DMSO(86 4%)均高于甘油(74 2%)(P<0 05);而受精率则是PROH(23 2%)高于DMSO(17 5%)和甘油(13 1%),DMSO又高于甘油(P<0 05)。冷冻方法和卵母细胞发育阶段对冷冻效果有显著影响。从冷冻方法看,程序冷冻和OPS玻璃化冷冻,GV期卵母细胞的成熟率分别为19 7%、27 6%,受精率为3 3%、8 6%;培养9h卵母细胞的成熟率分别为20 6%、30 9%,受精率为4 4%、10 3%;IVM卵母细胞的受精率分别为20 9%、29 4%,2 细胞率为4 4%、8 8%,均是OPS玻璃化高于程序冷冻,差异显著(P<0 05);从卵母细胞发育阶段看,不论是程序冷冻还是OPS玻璃化冷冻,GV期和培养9h卵母细胞的成熟率、受精率差异均不显著(P>0 05),但受精率均显著低于IVM卵母细胞(P<0 05)。     

提水泵站空流段流量配合问题探讨

通过对水泵性能差异引起的水泵出水量的变化分析,提出了调节级间流量差的小机组流量的确定方法,解决了多级提水泵站空流段的级间流量配合问题。     

A summary of the study on the homeobox gene Pem

Pem gene is one of the homeobox gene. Unlike members of Hox gene family, Pem gene is unique located at the proximal end of the X chromosome and its expression has been detected in several immortalized and transformed cells, placenta, embryos and reproductive tissues. Numeral studies showed that its expression is controlled by hormone such as androgen. This review discussed the possible role of Pem in regulating genes involved in the differentiation and development of extraembryonic tissue, spermatogenesis and sperm maturation.     

Studies on the Developmental Genetics of Tiller Number in Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice

Following NC Ⅱ design, the developmental genetic behavior of tiller number (TN) in three-line indica hybrid rice was studied using additive-dominance developmental genetic models and the corresponding statistical methods. The results showed that dominance effects were predominant for TN. The expression of those additive effects were affected by environment and genotype interaction, but the expression of dominance effects were not affected. Heterosis was the strongest in the middle developmental periods of TN. Additive effects and dominance effects were selectively expressed throughout in the entire tillering developmental stage.Analysis of genetic correlation between TN at different stages and the productive panicles indicated that a close correlation appeared earlier in the populations with higher heterosis than in those with less heterosis. Utilization of heterosis at the middle tillering stage might enhance the final biomass but reduce the percentage of productive panicles.     

山西省农村体育现状及发展趋势的研究

本文通过对山西省１１个地市８２５８名２０岁以上的农民进行了６７项问卷调查，内容涉及农民的体育意识、体育兴趣、体育价值取向、人均收入、体育投入、体育活动内容和形式等方面，探讨了山西省农民体育的现状。依据社会学的基本理论，运用逻辑分析法，对影响农民体育活动的因素进行了全面分析，阐述了山西省农村体育的发展趋势。文中反映的问题，对实施全民健身计划，体育宏观决策，具有重要的意义。